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Introducción: En Perú, las empresas mineras debían registrar e implementar el plan para la vigilancia, prevención y control de la COVID-19 en el trabajo (requerido por el Ministerio de Salud), previo al reinicio de actividades suspendidas debido a la pandemia. Objetivo: Describir el estado situacional de los planes para la vigilancia, prevención y control de la COVID-19 en el trabajo del sector minero (1ra y 2da fase de reactivación económica, 2020). Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal de la base de datos del sistema SISCOVID-Empresas. Se reportaron frecuencias y proporciones de las características de los planes (región de procedencia, número de trabajadores, número de profesionales de salud, existencia de comité o supervisor de seguridad y salud en el trabajo, estado de registro y reporte de presupuesto) según el número de trabajadores de la empresa. Resultados: Se revisaron 2 236 registros de planes. El 6,2 % indica no contar con supervisor o comité de seguridad y salud en el trabajo y el 71,5 % no cuenta con profesional de la salud. El 81,2 % de las empresas con más de 500 trabajadores contaban con profesionales de medicina y enfermería. El 89,2 % de las empresas con 1 a 20 trabajadores no contaban con profesionales de la salud. Conclusiones: Tres de cada 4 empresas del sector minero incumplen lo requerido en el plan para la vigilancia, prevención y control de la COVID-19 en el trabajo.
Introduction: In Peru, mining companies had to register and implement the Plan for the surveillance, prevention, and control of COVID-19 at work (requested by the Ministry of Health), prior to restarting activities suspended due to the pandemic. Objective: To describe the situational status of the plans for the surveillance, prevention, and control of COVID-19 at work in the mining sector (1st and 2nd phases of economic reactivation, 2020). Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out of the database from the SISCOVID- Empresas system. Frequencies and proportions of the characteristics of the plans were reported (region of origin, number of workers, number of health professionals, existence of an occupational health and safety committee or supervisor, status of registration and budget report) according to the number of company workers. Results: In total 2,236 plan records were reviewed. Of the total, 6.2% of the registered plans indicate that they do not have an occupational health and safety supervisor or committee, and 71.5% do not have a health professional. Furthermore, 81.2% of the companies with more than 500 workers had medicine and nursing professionals, and 89.2% of companies with 1 to 20 workers did not have health professionals. Conclusions: Three out of 4 companies in the mining sector fail to comply with the requirements of the plan for the surveillance, prevention, and control of COVID-19 at work.
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COVID-19 is a disease caused by a new coronavirus that presented an epidemic focus in China in December 2019 and was declared as a pandemic months later. Consequently, the health systems of most countries implemented preventive measures for their population, thus affecting health personnel, which is the first response force. According to the World Health Organization, 37 million health workers fell ill with COVID-19. In this article, we seek to identify strategies for the prevention of contagion of health personnel by COVID-19 that have obtained favorable results and present measures applicable to the Peruvian reality, focused on the personnel that make up the diagnostic process of COVID-19 and the health centers in operation during the health emergency due to COVID-19. It is concluded that temporary confinement in rotating days of health personnel, traffic control bundling, and adequate supply of personal protective equipment were those that have favored the lower incidence of cases of contagion in health personnel in the countries where they were used.
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Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru, economic activities were restricted to limit the risk of contagion, and companies were required to prepare and register the plan for COVID-19 surveillance, prevention and control in the workplace prior to resuming activities. Objective: To describe the status of plan registration in the hydrocarbon sector during the first half of 2020, as well as the characteristics of health professionals and occupational health and safety supervisors or committees. Methods: Cross-sectional study with secondary analysis of databases obtained from the Integrated System for COVID-19 of Companies (Sistema Integrado para COVID-19 de Empresas, SISCOVID Empresas) and government public data on the mining sector. Results: We reviewed 2,566 plans and identified 54 198 hydrocarbon companies in the 2020 period. Regarding the plans registered, 5.9% of companies did not have an occupational safety and health supervisor or committee, and 63% do not have a health professional. Conclusions: There is evidence of non-compliance with plan registration requirements among hydrocarbon companies. There is also non-compliance with the requirement of having a health professional, occupational safety and health committee or supervisor. The findings show serious deficiencies in plan registration, which could lead to inadequate management of the activities to monitor, prevent and control COVID-19 in the workplace. Companies are advised to develop, register, and implement their plans to protect the health of their employees.
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Introducción: El interés en la citogenética se deriva de tres observaciones básicas; la frecuencia de cromosomas anormales en células tumorales, la presencia de estas anormalidades asociada con una subsecuente neoplasia y cambios importantes en el cariotipo en un corto tiempo. El análisis cromosómico en los derrames de líquidos corporales (líquido pleural, líquido ascítico) puede ser diagnósticamente útil; incluso un pequeño volumen de muestra puede dar evidencia que apoya el diagnóstico de enfermedad maligna, complementando al análisis citológico, siendo un procedimiento adicional para el diagnóstico de células neoplásicas. Objetivo: Establecer la correlación de la evaluación citológica y la evaluación citogenética en líquidos corporales para la detección de células neoplásicas en el Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo. Diseño Metodológico: Se planteó un estudio observacional, descriptivo prospectivo y de corte transversal. Se recolectaron muestras de líquido pleural y líquido ascítico de los pacientes que tenían solicitud de análisis citológico para descarte de células neoplásicas. Se separó un volumen de estos líquidos no menor a 15 ml que fueron analizados mediante técnica citogenética convencional y coloración con Giemsa; los resultados del análisis citológico se obtuvieron del registro de resultados del área de citología del Hospital Nacional dos de Mayo. Resultados: 70 muestras de líquidos corporales fueron analizadas, el 57.1 por ciento fueron líquidos pleurales y el 42.9 por ciento líquidos ascíticos. Del total de líquidos con alteraciones cromosómicas (n=39), el 87.2 por ciento presentaron metafases hiperdiploides, 43.6 por ciento encontrados en líquidos pleurales y 43.6 por ciento en líquidos ascíticos. Según los resultados de citología, el 54.3 por ciento presentaron células neoplásicas. Los valores de sensibilidad y especificidad fueron de 95-88 por ciento y de 86-75 por ciento, para las pruebas citogenéticas y citológicas, respectivamente...
Introduction: Interest in cytogenetics derives from three basic observations; the frequency of abnormal chromosomes in tumor cells, the presence of these abnormalities associated with a subsequent neoplasm and important changes in the karyotype in a short time. Chromosomal analysis in body fluid spills (pleural fluid, ascitic fluid) may be diagnostically useful; even a small sample volume can give evidence supporting the diagnosis of malignant disease, complementing the cytological analysis, being an additional procedure for the diagnosis of neoplastic cells. Objective: To establish the correlation of cytological evaluation and cytogenetic evaluation in body fluids for the detection of neoplastic cells at National Hospital Dos de Mayo. Methodological Design: An observational, descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional study was presented. Pleural fluid and ascitic fluid samples were collected from patients who had a cytological analysis for the disposal of neoplastic cells. A volume of these liquids of not less than 15 mi were separated which were analyzed by conventional cytogenetic technique and Giemsa staining; the results of cytological analysis were obtained from the cytology area of the National Hospital dos de Mayo. Results: 70 samples of body fluids were analyzed, 57.1 per cent were pleural fluids and 42.9 per cent ascitic one. Of the total of liquids with chromosomal alterations (n=39), 87.2 per cent had hyperdiploid metaphases, 43.6 per cent found in pleural fluid and 43.6 per cent in ascitic fluid. According to the cytology results, 54.3 per cent were reported with neoplastic cells. The sensitivity and specificity values were 95-88 per cent and 86-75 per cent for cytogenetic and cytological test, respectively. Conclusions: We conclude that there is a correlation between cytological and cytogenetic evaluation with a concordance of 0.918 and association between both. The sensitivity and specificity reported for this study was greater for...
